Автор: Нелли Бланк
Изобретения академика Олега Фиговского, а их более 500 (сделанных ещё в СССР, а позднее в Израиле), например, такие как Бустилат, широко используются в многих странах мира.
Олег Фиговский избран в Европейскую академию наук, Российскую академию архитектуры и строительных наук и Российскую инженерную академию. Он является почетным профессором Воронежского и Пензенского государственного архитектурно-строительных университетов, Казанского государственного технического университета им. А.Н. Туполева и почетным доктором Казанского государственного химико-технологического университета, председателем начного совета по техническим наукам, зав. кафедрой ЮНЕСКО «Зеленая химия».
Он награжден рядом наград, как, например, GoldenAngelPrize (IFIA), или Орден «Инженерная Слава(РИА), премией NASA (США) и госпремией СССР.
Лауреат 2015 Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Award (USA) и2017 Albert Nelson Marquis Lifetime Achievement Award (USA).
Олег Фиговский является президентом Ассоциации изобретателей Израиля и членом президиума Нанотехнологического общества России
Олег Фиговский избран в Европейскую академию наук, Российскую академию архитектуры и строительных наук и Российскую инженерную академию. Он награжден рядом наград, как, например, GoldenAngelPrize (IFIA), или ордена «Инженерная Слава» и «Антуан де Сент-Экзюпери», премией NASA (США) и госпремией СССР. Лауреат 2015 Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Award (USA) и 2017 Albert Nelson Marquis Lifetime Achievement Award (USA).
Олег Фиговский опубликовал множество монографий и научных статей (см. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oleg_Figovsky). Является почётным членом ВОИР.
Об изобретениях Олега Фиговского, сделанных в СССР, можно прочитать в статье А. Штейбока в журнале «Химия, Физика и Механика Материалов», Воронеж, №1 (28),2021. Стр.126-135.
Аннотации некоторых изобретений Олег Фиговского за последние годы приводятся ниже.
US2018067023 (A1) — METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING MEMBRANES BY PROCESSING THIN-FILM MATERIALS WITH A FLOW OF ELECTRICALLY CHARGED SOLID PARTICLES
Proposed is a reliable and cost-effective universal material tester with reduced cross-talk between the sensors. The sensor unit consists of a pressure-sensor unit that measures a vertical force applied to the test probe during movement of the test probe relative to the test specimen and a horizontal force sensor unit for measuring the horizontally directed friction force. The horizontal force sensor unit is made in the form of a flexible parallelogram consisting of two sensor-holding plates interconnected through flexible beams, wherein one end of the first beam is attached to the upper sensor-holding plate and the opposite end to the lower sensor-holding plate, while one end of the second beam is attached to the lower sensor-holding plate and the other to the upper one. The beams are installed with gaps relative to both plates. The tester has a quick-release test probe that incorporates a soft-touch feature.
US2017081274 (A1) — METHOD OF PRODUCING SOLUBLE SILICATES WITH ORGANIC CATIONS
Proposed is a method of producing soluble silicates with organic cations at a given silicate modulus in the range of 1.5 to 20. The method consists of the reacting liquid suspension of a silica sol with the aqueous solution of a strong organic base. The silicate modulus is a molar ratio of SiO2:M2O, wherein M is an organic alkali cation. The aqueous solution of a strong organic base has a constant of base dissociation pKb equal to or greater than 4. If necessary, the soluble silicates with organic cations are obtained in a powdered form by evaporating the solution of the soluble silicates under vacuum below 4.2 kPa and at a temperature in the range of 20 to 30° C. and the product of evaporation are then dried by spraying.
JPH08284581 (A) — EXCAVATION METHOD
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the efficiency of excavation operation. SOLUTION: The first segment 4 of a hole or a tunnel is excavated, and the section is formed so that the first segment walls assume a final shape and size corresponding to the external shape and size of the support walls. A leading support wall element 16 is inserted into the segment 4, the further segment 4 of the hole is excavated, and the segment is formed so that its walls assume a final shape and size corresponding to the external shape and size of the support walls. The first support wall element is moved into a further segment and the succeeding support wall element is introduced into the first segment, and necessary steps are repeated until constructing the entire hole.
US2016244550 (A1) — HYBRID EPOXY-AMINE HYDROXYURETHANE-GRAFTED POLYMER
Described is a linear hybrid epoxy-amine hydroxyurethane-grafted polymer with the following structure of the polymer backbone unit: where R′ is a residue of a diglycidyl ether (epoxy resin); R1 is a residue of a di-primary amine; R2 and R3 are residues of monocyclic carbonate and are selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl C1-C2, and hydroxymethyl; and at least one of R2 and R3 is hydrogen. The described polymer may be used in manufacturing of liquid leather materials.
IL121081 (A) — LIGHT HOLLOW WALL ELEMENT AND METHOD OF ERECTING WALLS OF BUILDINGS WITH THE USE OF SUCH ELEMENTS
US9051447 (B1) — Polymer concrete composition
A polymer concrete composition, preferably for decorative and shock resistant building structures and goods includes a binder based of polyfunctional unsaturated compounds, namely acrylated/methacrylated vegetable oil, preferably acrylated/methacrylated soybean oil in an amount of not less than 60 part by weight and at least one acrylatedmethacrylated monomer and/or oligomer in an amount of not more than 40 part by weight, and an aggregate blend. The polymer concrete composition based on acrylated/methacrylated vegetable oil has high wear and shock resistance with low shrinkage and can be used for prefabricated building decorative structures and particularly in civil engineering.
US2015024138 (A1) — METHOD FOR FORMING A SPRAYABLE NONISOCYANATE POLYMER FOAM COMPOSITION
Provided is a method for the spray application of a nonisocyanate polymer foam composition. The method comprises the steps of supplying dosed quantities of the components of the nonisocyanate polymer composition to the mixing chamber where the components react with each other and form a foamable nonisocyanate polymer composition, transferring the foamable nonisocyanate polymer composition to the intermediate chamber of a foam application apparatus and continuously moving the foamable nonisocyanate polymer composition through the intermediate chamber while constantly controlling the parameters of the foamable nonisocyanate polymer composition in the intermediate chamber for providing conditions most optimal for the spray application onto the substrate.
GB1274326 (A) — PLASTIC CONCRETE MIXES
Substrates such as wood, metal and stone may be coated with paints and varnish comprising (1) an organic resin, (2) a compatible plasticiser which is a mixture of an aromatic hydrocarbon extract from a petroleum residue with a component selected from petrolatum, ceresin, deasphaltizates and petroleum residue distillates, and (3) organic solvents. The resin may be a petroleum resin or coumarone/indene resin. In Example (7) wood, metal and stone are painted with compositions comprising petroleum resin, aromatic hydrocarbon extract, distillate from the vacuum distillation of oil tar, chalk, talc, zinc oxide, chromium oxide pigment, ethyl acetate, acetone and toluene.
US2014000182 (A1) — CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT FOR ERECTING STRUCTURE, AND METHOD OF ERECTING STRUCTURE WITH USE THEREOF
A construction element for erecting a structure has a first panel extending vertically to form a wall and a second panel extending horizontally to form a horizontal partition when they are arranged in an erected structure, the panels together form a three-dimensional configuration and are connected with one another so that in the erected structure they extend perpendicularly to one another and are turnable to include an angle there between to reduce a horizontal extension of the construction element for transportation purposes.
US2012168541 (A1) — METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MANUFACTURING SUBMICRON POLYMER POWDER
A method and apparatus for manufacturing a submicron polymer powder from solid polymer bodies or coarse particles, preferably of polytetrafluoroethylene powder, wherein powder is ground into fibrous particles in the first stage and is disintegrated into submicron particles by aerodynamic treatment in the second stage, where a gas-particle mixture is subject to the effect of centrifugal forces and suction forces acting in the direction opposite to the centrifugal forces, a pulsating sign-alternating temperature field generated by a pulsed supply of liquid nitrogen, turbulent forces of vortexes, and aerodynamic forces that cause alternating compression and expansion of the gas-particle mixture.
CA2767784 (A1) — METHOD OF PRODUCING HYBRID POLYHYDROXYURETHANE NETWORK ON A BASE OF CARBONATED-EPOXIDIZED UNSATURATED FATTY ACID TRIGLYCERIDES
A method of obtaining hybrid polyhydroxyurethane compositions cross-linked at ambient temperatures. The method comprises: (a) reacting epoxidized unsaturated fatty acid triglycerides with carbon dioxide in the presence of a catalyst to obtain carbonated-epoxidized unsaturated fatty acid triglycerides, wherein conversion of oxyrane groups to 2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane groups (cyclic carbonate groups) for said carbonated-epoxidized unsaturated fatty acid triglycerides ranges from 35% to 85%; (b) mixing and reacting the carbonated-epoxidized unsaturated fatty acid triglycerides with a compound having amine functionality comprising at least one primary amine group realized at stoichiometric or within nearly balanced stoichiometry; (c) mixing and reacting the product of step (b) with a compound having amine functionality comprising at least two primary amine groups realized at excess of an amine-functional compound; (d) subsequently mixing the product of step (c) with a compound having amino-reactive groups.
US2012063983 (A1) — Method for Synthesis of Boron Nitride Nanopowder
A reaction is carried in a gaseous phase between ammonia (NH3) and boron trifluoride (BF3) in a cooled reactor under atmospheric pressure. A boron trifluoride-ammonia complex (NH3.BF3) obtained in this reaction is thermally decomposed at a temperature in the range of 125 to 300° C. into boron nitride and ammonium tetrafluoroborate in accordance with the following scheme: 125-300° C. 4NH3.BF3→BN+3NH4.BF4 BN is then separated from the mixture of BN with 3NH4.BF4 by combining the mixture with deionized water, forming a suspension, and separating the suspended BN nanoparticles by centrifugation.
KR20010071470 (A) — HYBRID NONISOCYANATE POLYURETHANE NETWORK POLYMERS AND COMPOSITES FORMED THEREFROM
This invention relates to a hybrid nonisocyanate polyurethane network polymer formed by cross-linking at least one cyclocarbonate oligomer and at least one amine oligomer. The cyclocarbonate oligomer contains a plurality of terminal cyclocarbonate groups. At least one cyclocarbonate oligomer further comprises from about 4 % to about 12 % by weight of terminal epoxy groups. Because at least one cyclocarbonate oligomer contains both cyclocarbonate and epoxy reactive groups, the network formed therefrom is referred to as a hybrid nonisocyanate polyurethane network. The cyclocarbonate oligomer or oligomers have an average functionality towards primary amines of from about 2.0 to about 5.44. The amine oligomer comprises at least one primary amine-terminated oligomer terminated with primary amine groups and has an average functionality towards cyclocarbonate groups of from about 3.0 to about 3.8. The amine oligomer is present in an amount from about 0.93 to about 0.99 of the amount of the amine oligomer that would be required to achieve a stoichiometric ratio between the primary amine groups of the amine oligomer and the cyclocarbonate groups of the cyclocarbonate oligomer. The hybrid nonisocyanate polyurethane network polymer formed has a gel fraction of not less than about 0.96 by weight. This invention also relates to methods of making hybrid nonisocyanate polyurethane networks and their use as a composite matrix material.
US2011000411 (A1) — Biologically active multifuctional nanochips and method of application thereof for production of high-quality seed
Proposed is a biologically active nanochip for treating seeds of agricultural plants in order to improve seed germination conditions and development of plants and for protecting plants from anticipated and averaged adverse conditions. The biologically active nanochip contains a solid porous carrier, such as mineral, clay, turf, or polymer, the pores of which are intended for accommodating nanoparticles of biologically active substances that penetrate the pores when the substances are applied onto the nanochip surface, e.g., by spraying. Alternatively, the biologically active substances can be retained on the surface of the carrier by adhesion. The composition of the biologically active nanochips is selected with reference to anticipated and averaged adverse conditions. Also proposed is a method for application of the biologically active substances onto the surfaces of the biologically active nanochips.
US2010319606 (A1) — CHEMICAL TAGGING INDICATORS AND METHOD TO LOCATE OVERHEATED SPOTS IN LIQUID-FILLED ELECTRICAL DEVICES
A method for identifying overheated spots in liquid-filled electrical devices, comprising the steps of: a) determining the locations of potentially overheatable spots in said device and mapping said locations; b) positioning a tag consisting of one or more chemical indicators on potentially overheatable spots in said devices, wherein when said tags are exposed to a given high temperature, they are depolymerized into thermal degradation products which are diffused into the liquid; c) identifying the thermal degradation products by analytical methods; and d) locating the overheated places according to the identified thermal degradation products and the map of locations of said tags; wherein the tags comprise polymers and copolymers, which are substantially absent from the liquid of the device at normal working conditions.
US2010249337 (A1) — Epoxi-amine composition modified with hydroxyalkyl urethane
Disclosed is a novel epoxy-amine composition modified a hydroxyalkyl urethane, which is obtained as a result of a reaction between a primary amine (C1) and a monocyclocarbonate (C2), wherein modifier (C) is represented by the following formula (1): wherein R1 is a residue of the primary amine, R2 and R3 are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, and n satisfies the following condition: n≧2. Diluents, pigments and additives can be used. Doping with the hydroxyalkyl-urethane modifier imparts to the cured composition superior coating performance characteristics, such as pot-life/drying, strength-stress, bonding, appearance, resistance to abrasion and solvents, etc., in a well-balanced state.
US2010234497 (A1) — Nanostructured hybrid oligomer composition
A nanostructured hybrid liquid oligomer composition including at least one epoxy-functional component (A), at least one cyclic carbonate component (B), at least one amine-functional component (C), and, optionally, at least one acrylate (methacrylate) functional component (D), wherein at least one epoxy, amine, or acrylate (methacrylate) component contains alkoxysilane units. The composition is highly curable at low temperatures (approximately 10 to 30° C.) with forming of nanostructure under the influence of atmospheric moisture and the forming of active, specific hydroxyl groups by reaction of cyclic carbonates with amine functionalities. According to the present invention, the cured composition has excellent strength-stress properties, adhesion to a variety of substrates, appearance, and resistance to weathering, abrasion, and solvents.
US2010233468 (A1) — Biodegradable nano-composition for application of protective coatings onto natural materials
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a biodegradable composition containing nano-particles of cellulose for forming a protective coating on natural materials. It is an object of the invention to provide a composition for forming a protective coating layer on a biodegradable natural material that imparts to the material improved waterproofing and grease-resistant properties. It is another object to provide a composition for forming a protective coating on natural biodegradable materials that is based on the use of nano-cellulose particles and that protects these materials from swelling, warping, and mechanical damage during contact with water, other aqueous liquids, or grease.
US2010144929 (A1) — Liquid solventless synthetic-rubber-based composition
A synthetic-rubber-based composition that consists of a low-molecular-weight rubber selected from polybutadiene comprising about 75% to about 92% cis-1,4 units, sulfur, a vulcanization accelerator, and an active filler wherein the sulfur, accelerator, and active filler are each present in the form of powder having a particular particle-size range. Additionally, this composition may be used to form coatings and rubber concretes.
US6337036 (B1) — Conductive composition having self-extinguishing properties
A composition is disclosed for use as a conductive coating for applying to various substrates. The composition has a particulate conductive component and temperature resistant component. The temperature resistant component contains an organic-mineral compound. The molar ratio of the conductive component to the temperature resistant component is (15-45):1, and the temperature resistant component is an aqueous solution of quaternary ammonium silicate having a silicate modulus of at least 4 and containing organic radicals with at least four atoms of carbon.
US2003078336 (A1) — Coating composition
Water-based cross-linkable composition for preparation of protective or adhesive coating applicable to various substrates is disclosed. The composition comprises aqueous dispersion of chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSPE), epoxydimethylhydantoin resin and aqueous solution of tris-[dimethylaminoalkyl]-phenol. The composition is environmentally friendly and yields coatings with properties, which are not worse than properties of CSPE-based coatings manufactured with using of toxic organic solvents.
US2004192803 (A1) — Preparation of oligomeric cyclocarbonates and their use in ionisocyanate or hybrid nonisocyanate polyurethanes
A method and apparatus for synthesis of oligomeric cyclocarbonates from epoxy compounds and carbon dioxide in the presence of a catalyst. Star epoxy compounds and their preparation and use in making star cyclocarbonates, star hydroxy urethane oligomers, and star NIPU and HNIPU. Acrylic epoxy compounds, acrylic cyclocarbonates, acrylic hydroxy urethane oligomers, and acrylic NIPU and HNIPU and their methods of preparation.
US6294265 (B1) — Hydrophobic biodegradable cellulose containing composite materials
Composite cellulose containing materials which are waterproof and biodegradable are produced which consist essentially of cellulose and hydrophobic polymer-based composition in the amount about 4 to 40 wt %. The polymer-based composition comprises first polymer, which is partially saponified polyvinyl acetate, second polymer, which functions as plasticizer for improving elasticity of the first polymer and cross-linking agent, which is capable to cross-link the first polymer. The polymer-based composition may additionally contain environmentally friendly hydrophobizators, fillers and pigments.
US2004176485 (A1) — FOAMABLE PHOTO-POLYMERIZED COMPOSITION
Acrylic composition for use in variety of indoor or outdoor sealing applications, where it is required to seal, to fill or to repair cracks, joints, gaps etc. in concrete, masonry, stone, wood or other constructional materials. The composition comprises acrylic based reactionable oligomers and it can be foamed and then polymerized while producing foam with structure suitable for sealing.
US6186200 (B1) — Composite wooden articles and a method of their manufacturing
A method of manufacturing tiles from waste wood uses round crosscut wood slices, a binder, and a filler. The slices, all generally of a thickness, are placed on the flat bottom of a die within side walls. Adhesive is applied to the slices and the die is filled with a mixture of the binder and the filler. The die contents are hot pressed to achieve the required tile thickness. The tile is ejected from the die and then maintained at room temperature for not more than 72 hours. The face side of the tile is ground and the dimensions of the tile are brought within the required tolerances.
EP1161487 (B1) — — Liquid ebonite mixtures and coatings and concretes formed therefrom
The present invention relates to a synthetic rubber-based composition comprising:a low molecular weight rubber selected from polybutadiene comprising from about 75% to about 92% cis-1,4 units, a copolymer comprising butadiene units and from about 27 wt % to about 45 wt % pentadiene units, and mixtures thereof,a high molecular weight rubber comprising isobutylene units and not more than about 6 wt % isoprene units, the high molecular weight rubber being present in an amount of from about 0.5 parts to about 4 parts by weight based on the weight of low molecular weight rubber,sulfur,a vulcanization accelerator, andan active fillerwhere the sulfur, the accelerator, and the active filler are each present in the form of a powder within a particular particle size range(s). Additionally, these compositions may be used to form coatings and rubber concretes. The invention also relates to methods of producing such compositions, coatings and rubber concretes.
Иллюстрация: от автора
