Том 18, № 3
Аннотации некоторых статей
N.Voropaeva, Nanotechnology in Agriculture (Review)
O.Figovsky ,
D. Beilin
The article is concern with biologically active nanochips for treating seeds of agricultural plants in order to improve seed germination conditions and development of plants and for protecting plants from anticipated and averaged adverse conditions. The biologically active nanochips contain a solid porous carrier, such as mineral, clay, turf, or polymer, the pores of which are intended for accommodating nanoparticles of biologically active substances that penetrate the pores when the substances are applied onto the nanochip surface, e.g., by spraying. Alternatively, the biologically active substances can be retained on the surface of the carrier by adhesion. The composition of the biologically active nanochips is selected with reference to anticipated and averaged adverse conditions. Also proposed is a method for application of the biologically active substances onto the surfaces of the biologically active nanochips. The article offers a brief review of the published works of authors and their employees.
L. Dvorkin : Low-Cement Concrete with Ash-Microsilica Filler
In present paper the possibility of obtaining ash — microsilica filler (AMSF) and its application as an additive in low-cement concrete is experimentally substantiated. The parameters which characterize the surface energy and pozzolanic activity of AMSF depending on the characteristics of initial materials and their ratios were investigated. Performed X-ray diffraction studies show an accelerating effect of AMSF on the hydration of clinker minerals. The influence of AMSF in the composition with the addition of superplasticizer on water demand and concrete mixes workability was researched. Based on the data obtained with the applying the methodology of mathematical experiments planning, the statistical models of strength of normal hardening concrete and steamed concrete were obtained, depending on the factors which characterize the structure and composition of the concrete with AMSF additive. Analysis of the model allowed determining the area of optimal compositions of low-cement concrete with the AMSF additive. The features of the concrete strength growth, impact of AMSF on frost resistance and deformation properties were studied.
P.G. Kudryavtsev, New Composite Flocculants – Coagulants as an Alternative to the Known N.P.Kudryavtsev Water Treatment Agents
The present work relates to the technology of inorganic substances and can be used in the preparation of aluminum-silicon and ferrum-silicon flocculants-coagulants and to the methods of treatment of sewage of industrial enterprises and storm water containing oil. In this article the questions of water treatment using modified aluminum-silicon and ferrum-silicon flocculants-coagulants, resulting in new technology. The authors have developed and patented the technology for producing flocculants-coagulants of this type in solid form using methods of matrix isolation of existing active components. Evaluate the effectiveness of the action of ASFC and FSFC on simulated and real industrial wastewater, in comparison with the known analogues.
A. Chernay, Methods of Assessing Safe Environment Emergency Response
V. Sobolev, after the Air-Gas Explosions
N. Nalisko
The experimental test method of numerical calculation of the blast wave pulse transmitted by explosion protection construction. In a laboratory experiment used a laser technique initiation of explosives and methods of measurement of the pressure pulse detonation products on the ballistic pendulum. To determine the mechanical momentum of the technique of the experiment in which the analytically derived functional relation between the momentum and the angle of deflection, and the performance of the real pendulum. The reliability of the results obtained in physical experiment is provided by the calibration sensor deflection angle of the pendulum, pulse evaluation of measurement errors associated with the determination error of the deflection angle, friction pendulum axis and increments the read information.
Том 18, № 4
Аннотации некоторых статей
A.Cornille, Green Nonisocyanate Polyurethanes:Synthesis & Application
R.Auvergne,
O.Figovsky,
B. Boutevin,
S. Caillo
The substitution of isocyanate and phosgene precursors for the industrial production of polyurethane materials is discussed in this article. Polyurethanes are currently one of the polymer compounds most used in worldwide for numerous applications such as rigid and flexible foams, coatings, elastomers, adhesives and sealants and, nowadays, these applications are regained in devices in everyday life such as wall and roofing insulation, in furnishing, in cars, in clothes or in shoes. Nevertheless, their preparation needs using of harmful and dangerousness compounds such as phosgene and isocyanate precursors. Their dangerousness operate at 3 steps of the life of polyurethane: synthesize of monomers, formulation of materials and end of life of materials. After a first part dedicated to the historical, market and manufacture of polyurethane and its dangerousness, this articles focuses on the description and discussion on the routes to substitute the dangerousness precursors to synthesize non-isocyanate polyurethane, reporting their advantages and limits and finally examines the outlooks to follow for the wider use of non-isocyanate polyurethane to recover all applications of classic polyurethane in chemical industry.
E. Haikin RF Absorption by Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles Fe3O4
In this work, the process of electromagnetic (EM) waves’ absorption in a colloidal system of Fe3O4 nanoparticles with an average size of 9.50 nm in 2% aqueous solution in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was investigated. For this purpose a new method for measuring the temperature of nanoparticles and their environment by means of thermistors is proposed . The Q-factor of investigated system as a function of the EM waves’ frequency was measured and the spectrum of ESR was obtained. The ESR spectrum of the Fe304 nanoparticles presented a slightly asymmetric singlet with g=2 and a line-with of ∆H=0.1 mT. It is shown that the observed absorption spectrum corresponds to paramagnetic behavior of the investigated nanoparticles. The nanoparticles – SDS liquid system exhibited a resonance-like behavior of the absorption, where the resonance frequency was determined about 170 MHz, the absorption rise up to the resonance frequency was rather slow. The observed absorption of EM field energy was accompanied by a small temperature rise of the system.
M. Ioelovich Study Acidic Corrosion of Cellulose
Structural changes of cellulose fibers after corrosion with mineral (sulfuric and hydrochloric) acids of various concentrations have been studied. It was found that 2-7 M acids cause a selective corrosion of non-crystalline domains (NCD), which leads to transverse splitting of relatively long fibers and obtaining of shorter low-molecular fragments of the fibers, namely micron-size particles of so called microcrystalline cellulose. On the other hand, more concentrated acids (8-10 M) corrode not only NCD, but also tightly packed lateral surfaces between nanocrystallites connected via strong inter-crystalline contacts, thus facilitate the releasing free nanocrystalline particles.
A. Shichkov Innovative Enhancement of an Engineering Business: Operation Cycle Method
The main investing resource of innovative improvement of engineering business is the capital received from selling its equity capital. The investment attractiveness of an enterprise on stock market is determined by continuous innovative improvement of its operation cycle ensuring the conversion of technological (physical) systems into economic systems. Any innovating project realized on the basis of income-producing ideas results in recognizing intangible assets on the balance sheet of an enterprise what increases the value of business of an enterprise on stock market. To manage the value of an engineering business a theory of operation cycle and a closed integrated set of parametric equations and criteria have been created. As a result of fulfilling an innovating project we will get the growth of sales value of products and services and the adequate increase of balance cost of intangible assets in a manufacturing capital. Innovating projects form the required architecture (proportions) of cash flow vectors in an operation cycle. As a rule, productive, technological and allocative innovations ensure the growth of business value of investment attractive enterprises on stock market which are a prototype for designing (creating) income-producing ideas for the innovative enhancement of its own business. Therefore, managers of enterprises study the reports of JSCs being their competitors on stock market. The received information is initial to manage the value of business on the basis of operation cycle method. The algorithm of this method includes a formation of economically and technologically analogical enterprises having higher market value of stock capital and similar criteria of operation cycles. On the basis of this information the ideas of innovating projects which will ensure the achievement of the planned value of business on stock market are formulated.
E.Shahbazov, Efficiency Optimization in Borehole Survey by Nanotechnology-Based Approaches
U.Mammadova
The article discusses the effectiveness of high-conductive nanoparticles in drilling fluid soil-based structures. The study of changes of relative amplitude of high-frequency inductive logging measurements of drill mud resistance is considered
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